Prevalence of Diseases and Disorders of Large Ruminant in Moulvibazar Sadar Upazila, Bangladesh

Abstract

A retrospective epidemiological study was conducted at Sadar Upazila of Moulvibazar district from January 2018 through December 2018 to explore the prevalence of different cattle diseases and disorders based on Upazila Veterinary Hospital register data. The information regarding the animal's age, sex, breed, and date of treatment was collected passively from the registered patient. A total of 10434 cases record were evaluated. Diseases were categorized into seven different classes, where parasitic and protozoal diseases showed the highest magnitude (47.78%). Fascioliasis has been estimated as the most frequent complaint parasitic cases with a prevalence of 20.87% (95% CI: 20.10-21.67). The prevalence of FMD (6.12%; 95% CI: 5.67-6.60) was the highest among all infectious diseases. The overall disease prevalence was higher in the rainy season (43.80%), followed by winter and summer seasons. Infectious disease prevalence was significantly higher in males (12.79%) than females (8.86%); Red Chittagong Cattle (24.69%) than crossbred (9.45%) and local cattle (10.73%); and in the rainy season (12.12%) than summer (9.50%) and winter season (10.14%). Prevalence of parasitic and protozoal disease was higher in females (51.42%) than in males (43.64%); local cattle (52.32%) than Red Chittagong Cattle (7.00%) and Crossbred (46.45%); and the rainy season (64.76%) than summer (31.11%) and winter (37.00%). Findings of the present study will provide information about disease burden and help make informed decisions and necessary steps to control the diseases and disorders in the study area. Further, outcomes will act as baseline information and pave the road to further epidemiological study in the selected region.